These electrons with high energy pass through the Schottky barrier of metal–semiconductor can be located in the semiconductor conduction band (CB), contributing to the competent charge separation and the photocatalytic reduction in the visible light region 28, 29. ![]() This energizes the electrons above the Fermi level from the occupied energy levels 26, 27. When the material is operated in a visible light range, Au, Ag, and Cu can act as metallic plasmons and trigger localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) 24, 25. to confine photoexcited electrons through the formed Schottky junction can result in reserved charge recombination for photocatalytic enhancement 21, 22, 23. Moreover, it has been reported that various metals, e.g., Pt, Au, Ag, Pd, Ru, Cu, etc., loaded on semiconductors materials, e.g., TiO 2, RuO 2, etc. Even though the bandgap of TiO 2 could be effectively narrowed down by elemental doping to harvest visible light, the energy levels introduced by impurity dopants can act as recombination centers for electrons and holes, resulting in a poor photocatalytic activity 19, 20. However, due to the large bandgap of TiO 2, TiO 2-based photocatalysts POWS driven by visible light remains a great challenge 16, 17, 18. Evidently, the visible light POWS shows a higher potential for practical applications. Moreover, the TiO 2-supported Pt catalysts are competent of POWS under the range of ultraviolet light 15. Since 1972, a typical semiconductor TiO 2 exhibited a suitable band structure for POWS as a photocatalyst 14. The metal/semiconductor photocatalysts have vast POWS potential and have drawn broad attention for a long time 13. Water electrolysis entails two half-cell reactions: the cathodic hydrogen evolution (HER) and anodic oxygen evolution (OER) reactions. Water electrolysis-one of the most practical routes to produce hydrogen to establish clean and renewable energy cycles, accounted for up to 4% of the global hydrogen production 11, 12. One of the most capable solutions for the energy problem is photocatalytic overall water oxidation (POWS), i.e., oxygen and hydrogen evolution 9, 10. ![]() In the past 40 years, heterogeneous photocatalysis and photochemistry fields have developed comprehensively in return to demanding energy and environmental issues 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. The essential worldwide goal of solar energy is to create electricity, and it is prospective to generate fuels from the waste of CO 2 and H 2O by induction of solar photochemistry. ![]() "And he repeatedly bragged about the significance of his efforts saying that, 'What has been done has strengthened the revolution immensely.In the current era, solar energy is confined for practical reasons and has increased the attention of both academia and industrial sectors. "He told the undercover that his efforts to infiltrate the United States government were "meticulous" and 'very disciplined,' " Garland said. In that final meeting, Rocha allegedly took offense when the undercover agent questioned whether he was still loyal to Havana, a "compañero." Rocha then used crude terms, saying such an inquiry is "like questioning my manhood." 17 and June 23 of this year, when Rocha allegedly boasted about his longtime loyalty to Havana, according to the complaint. "Good Afternoon ambassador, my name is Miguel and I have a message for you from your friends in Havana," FBI special agent Michael Haley wrote in a criminal complaint, quoting the undercover agent.
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